Pattern repeats itself to create rhythm. The reoccurance of lines, colors and shapes to create movement.
Non-pattern
Movement/dynamics
The use of elements which have something in common are repeated regularly or irregularly sometimes creating a visual rhythm.
Movement/direction
Rhythm is achieved by having a dominant visual path of line making the design appear to come to life.
Contrast
When one element differs from another, like an interruption of overall feeling of a pattern. For example, dark elements in the background while the foreground is light creating a focal point.
Isolation
Isolating an element in an image it creates an attration that meets the eye.
Placement
To place elements within a composition point to one item, the viewers attention is directed to that item creating a focal point.
Absence
When attention is achieved by not using a focal point
Balance & Scale/Proportion
Figure-ground
The visual relationship between the foreground and the background
Internal (object to picture plane)- Describing the scale of an object by placing that object inside another object. For example a fish inside a fish bowl.
Contrast
Contrast- The the extreme of one thing affects the other. For example like the yinyang, the darkness of the left side allows you to direct your attention towards the lightness of the right side.